History of the Hebrew Language by David Steinberg

Edition 1.

20 September 2011

Observations on Tenses in Psalms

by David Steinberg

David.Steinberg@houseofdavid.ca

Home page http://www.houseofdavid.ca/

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See Tenses or Aspects in Biblical Hebrew

Table A

Tense Implications of SC and PC [1] in the Same Verse

Chapt./Vs. of Hebrew Text	*PC and SC Verbs Indicating Time Reference* (Reconstructed JEH Style Spelling; */EBHP/⁺; n.b. EBHP PC_pret and PC_jus were identical.)	*English Translation(s)*[2]	*Masoretic* *Text*^{^[3]}
*Sequence SC-PC*
4:4	SC_past - past - הפלה - hipˈlâ PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future -ישמע - yišˈma^c (:ˈyišma^c PC_jus/PC_{pret_sim})	But know that the LORD has set apart the faithful for himself; the LORD hears/ will hear when I call/will call to him. (my translation)	וּדְע֗וּ כִּֽי־הִפְלָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה חָסִ֣יד לֹ֑ו יְהוָ֥ה יִ֝שְׁמַ֗ע בְּקָרְאִ֥י אֵלָֽיו׃

6:10	SC_past - past - שמע - šaˈma^c PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future – יקח - yiˈqaḥ (:ˈyiqaḥ PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim})	The LORD has heard my supplication; the LORD accepts/will accept my prayer.	שָׁמַ֣ע יְ֭הוָה תְּחִנָּתִ֑י יְ֝הוָ֗ה תְּֽפִלָּתִ֥י יִקָּֽח׃
7:14	SC_past – past – הכן - hiˈkiːn PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future – יפעל - yipˈ^cal (:ˈyip^cal PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim})	He has prepared his deadly weapons, making his arrows fiery shafts.	וְ֭לֹו הֵכִ֣ין כְּלֵי־מָ֑וֶת חִ֝צָּ֗יו לְֽדֹלְקִ֥ים יִפְעָֽל׃
20:7	SC_state - present ידעתי - yaˈda^ctῑ SC_prof - future - הושע - hawˈšiː^c PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future –יענהו - yi^cˈnihu(ː). Identical form in PC_pret and PC_jus.	Now I know that the LORD will help his anointed; he will answer him from his holy heaven with mighty victories by his right hand.	עַתָּ֤ה יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּ֤י הֹושִׁ֥יעַ יְהוָ֗ה מְשִׁ֫יחֹ֥ו יַ֭עֲנֵהוּ מִשְּׁמֵ֣י קָדְשֹׁ֑ו בִּ֝גְבֻרֹ֗ות יֵ֣שַׁע יְמִינֹֽו
26:4	SC_state - present - ישבתי - yaˈšabtῑ PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - אבא - ʾaˈboːʾ (:ˈʾabuʾ PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim})	I do not sit with the worthless, nor do I/will I consort with hypocrites; . (my translation)	לֹא־יָ֭שַׁבְתִּי עִם־מְתֵי־שָׁ֑וְא וְעִ֥ם נַ֝עֲלָמִ֗ים לֹ֣א אָבֹֽוא׃
26:5	SC_state - present - שנאתי - śaˈniʾtῑ PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - אשב - ʾiˈšib (:ˈʾišib PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim})	I hate the company of evildoers, and do not/will not sit with the wicked.	שָׂנֵאתִי קְהַ֣ל מְרֵעִ֑ים וְעִם־רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים לֹ֣א אֵשֵֽׁב׃
26:12	SC_state - present - עמדה - ^caˈmạdâ PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - אברכ – ʾabaˈrik (: ʾaˈbarik PC_jus/PC_{pret_sim})	My foot stands on level ground; in the great congregation I bless/will bless the LORD.	רַ֭גְלִי עָֽמְדָ֣ה בְמִישֹׁ֑ור בְּ֝מַקְהֵלִ֗ים אֲבָרֵ֥ךְ יְהוָֽה
50:19	Table B	"You give your mouth free rein for evil, and your tongue frames deceit.	פִּ֭יךָ שָׁלַ֣חְתָּ בְרָעָ֑ה וּ֝לְשֹׁונְךָ֗ תַּצְמִ֥יד מִרְמָֽה׃
56:2	Table B	Be gracious to me, O God, for people trample on me; all day long foes oppress me;	חָנֵּ֣נִי אֱ֭לֹהִים כִּֽי־שְׁאָפַ֣נִי אֱנֹ֑ושׁ כָּל־הַ֝יֹּ֗ום לֹחֵ֥ם יִלְחָצֵֽנִי׃
60:3	SC_past- past זנחתנו – zạnaḥˈtanū פרצתנו – pạraṣˈtanū אנפת – ʾaˈnạfta(ː) PC_jus – jussive תשבב – tạˈšōbib (:tạšōˈbib PC_imp)	O God, you have rejected us, broken our defenses; you have been angry; now restore us!	אֱ֭לֹהִים זְנַחְתָּ֣נוּ פְרַצְתָּ֑נוּ אָ֝נַ֗פְתָּ תְּשֹׁ֣ובֵ֥ב לָֽנוּ׃
63:7	Table B	when I think of you on my bed, and meditate on you in the watches of the night;	אִם־זְכַרְתִּ֥יךָ עַל־יְצוּעָ֑י בְּ֝אַשְׁמֻרֹ֗ות אֶהְגֶּה־בָּֽךְ׃
66:6	Table D SC_past – past - הפכ - haˈpak PC_{pret_sim} - past יעברו - yi^cˈbụrū, נשמחה - niśˈmaḫa(ː). Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	He turned the sea into dry land; they passed through the river on foot. There we rejoiced in him,	הָ֤פַךְ יָ֨ם לְֽיַבָּשָׁ֗ה בַּ֭נָּהָר יַֽעַבְר֣וּ בְרָ֑גֶל ם נִשְׂמְחָה־בֹּֽו׃
71:17	SC_past – past - למדתני - limmadˈtanῑ PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present – אגד - ʾagˈgiːd (:ˈʾaggid PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}).	O God, from my youth you have taught me, and I still proclaim your wondrous deeds.	אֱ‍ֽלֹהִ֗ים לִמַּדְתַּ֥נִי מִנְּעוּרָ֑י וְעַד־הֵ֝֗נָּה אַגִּ֥יד נִפְלְאֹותֶֽיךָ׃
73:3	SC_past - past - קנאתי AND EITHER 1) PC_{imp_pdur} - past durative - אראה - ʾirˈʾê; OR, 2) PC_{pret_sim} - past - ארא - ˈʾirʾ Table D	For I was envious of the arrogant; I saw the prosperity of the wicked.	כִּֽי־קִ֭נֵּאתִי בַּֽהֹולְלִ֑ים שְׁלֹ֖ום רְשָׁעִ֣ים אֶרְאֶֽה׃
73:9	SC_past - past OR SC_state- present - שתו - šatˈtū PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future -תהלכ - tihˈlak (:ˈtihlak PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim})	They set/ have set their mouths against heaven, and their tongues range over the earth. (my translation)	שַׁתּ֣וּ בַשָּׁמַ֣יִם פִּיהֶ֑ם וּ֝לְשֹׁונָ֗ם תִּֽהֲלַ֥ךְ בָּאָֽרֶץ׃
74:14	Table D SC_past - past - רצצת - riˈṣaṣta(ː) PC_{pret_sim} - תתננו - tittịˈnannu(ː). Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	You crushed the heads of Leviathan; you gave him as food for the creatures of the wilderness.	אַתָּ֣ה רִ֭צַּצְתָּ רָאשֵׁ֣י לִוְיָתָ֑ן תִּתְּנֶ֥נּוּ מַ֝אֲכָ֗ל לְעָ֣ם לְצִיִּֽים׃
77:6	Table D SC_past - past - חשבתי - ḥišˈšabtῑ PC_{pret_sim} - אזכרה - ʾizˈkụra(ː). Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	`I have considered the days of old,` `The years of long ago.`	חִשַּׁ֣בְתִּי יָמִ֣ים מִקֶּ֑דֶם נֹ֗ות עֹולָמִֽים אֶֽזְכְּרָ֥ה
77:7	Table G וַיְחַפֵּ֥שׂ (/EBHP/ wayyạˈḥappiś) should be read as וִיְחַפֵּ֥שׂ (/EBHP/ wayḥapˈpiś)	I commune with my heart in the night; I meditate and search my spirit:	נְגִינָתִ֗י בַּ֫לָּ֥יְלָה עִם־לְבָבִ֥י אָשִׂ֑יחָה וַיְחַפֵּ֥שׂ רוּחִֽי׃
77:17	Table D SC_past - past - ראכ - raˈʾūka(ː). PC_{pret_sim} יחלו - yaˈḥilū;ירגזו - yirˈgạzū. Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	When the waters saw you, O God, when the waters saw you, they were afraid; the very deep trembled.	רָ֘א֤וּךָ מַּ֨יִם אֱ‍ֽלֹהִ֗ים רָא֣וּךָ מַּ֣יִם יָחִ֑ילוּ אַ֝֗ף יִרְגְּז֥וּ תְהֹמֹֽות׃
77:18	Table D SC_past - past - זרמו - zōˈrịmū; נתנו - naˈtanū PC_{pret_sim} - יתהלכו - yithalˈlakū. Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	The clouds poured out water; the skies thundered; your arrows flashed on every side.	זֹ֤רְמוּ מַ֨יִם עָבֹ֗ות קֹ֖ול נָתְנ֣וּ שְׁחָקִ֑ים אַף־חֲ֝צָצֶ֗יךָ יִתְהַלָּֽכוּ׃
78:64	Table D SC_past - past -נפלו - naˈpalū. PC_{pret_sim} - תבכינה - tibˈkayna(ː). Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	Their priests fell by the sword, and their widows made no lamentation.	כֹּ֭הֲנָיו בַּחֶ֣רֶב נָפָ֑לוּ וְ֝אַלְמְנֹתָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִבְכֶּֽינָה׃
81: 7	Table D SC_past - past -הסרתי - ḥisiˈroːtῑ PC_{pret_sim} - תעברנה - ti^cˈburna(ː). Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	"I relieved your shoulder of the burden; your hands were freed from the basket.	הֲסִירֹ֣ותִי מִסֵּ֣בֶל שִׁכְמֹ֑ו כַּ֝פָּ֗יו מִדּ֥וּד תַּעֲבֹֽרְנָה׃
92:5	SC_past - past - שמחתני- śimmaḫˈtanῑ PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - ארננ - ʾạranˈnin (:ʾạˈrannin PC_jus/PC_{pret_sim})	For you, O LORD, have made me glad by your work; at the works of your hands I sing/`will sing` for joy.	כִּ֤י שִׂמַּחְתַּ֣נִי יְהוָ֣ה בְּפָעֳלֶ֑ךָ בְּֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖י יָדֶ֣יךָ אֲרַנֵּֽן׃
93:3	SC_past - past - נשאו - naˈśạʾū PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present - ישאו - yiśˈśạʾū. Identical form in PC_pret and PC_jus.	The floods have lifted up, O LORD, the floods have lifted up their voice; the floods lift up their roaring.	נָשְׂא֤וּ נְהָרֹ֨ות יְֽהוָ֗ה נָשְׂא֣וּ נְהָרֹ֣ות קֹולָ֑ם יִשְׂא֖וּ נְהָרֹ֣ות דָּכְיָֽם׃
102:15	Table D SC_state - present -רצו - raˈṣū PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present - יחננו - yạḥuˈninū. Identical form in PC_pret and PC_jus.	`Surely Your servants find pleasure in her stones` `And feel pity for her dust.`	כִּֽי־רָצ֣וּ עֲ֭בָדֶיךָ אֶת־אֲבָנֶ֑יהָ וְֽאֶת־עֲפָרָ֥הּ יְחֹנֵֽנוּ׃
111:5	SC_past - past - נתנ - natan PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - יזכר - yizˈkur (:ˈyizkur PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim})	`He has given food to those who fear Him;` `He remembers/will remember His covenant forever`. (my translation)	טֶ֭רֶף נָתַ֣ן לִֽירֵאָ֑יו יִזְכֹּ֖ר לְעֹולָ֣ם בְּרִיתֹֽו׃
116:2	SC_past - past - הטה - hiṭˈṭâ PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - אקרא - ʾiqˈraʾ (:ˈʾiqraʾ PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim})	Because he inclined his ear to me, therefore I call/will call on him as long as I live.	כִּֽי־הִטָּ֣ה אָזְנֹ֣ו לִ֑י וּבְיָמַ֥י אֶקְרָֽא׃
116:3	Table D SC_past - past - אפפני - ʾạpaˈpūnῑ; מצאני - mạṣaˈʾūnῑ. PC_{pret_sim} - אמצא - ˈʾimṣaʾ (:ʾimˈṣaʾ PC_imp)	The snares of death encompassed me; the pangs of Sheol laid hold on me; I suffered distress and anguish.	אֲפָפ֤וּנִי חֶבְלֵי־מָ֗וֶת וּמְצָרֵ֣י שְׁאֹ֣ול מְצָא֑וּנִי צָרָ֖ה וְיָגֹ֣ון אֶמְצָֽא׃
116:6	Table D Table H SC_past - past - דלתי - dalˈloːtῑ. PC_{pret_sim} - יהושע - yạˈhawši^c (:yạhawˈšiː^c PC_imp)	The LORD protects the simple; when I was brought low, he saved me.	שֹׁמֵ֣ר פְּתָאיִ֣ם יְהֹוָ֑ה דַּ֝לֹּותִ֗י וְלִ֣י יְהֹושִֽׁיעַ׃
116:10	Table D SC_past - past - האמנתי - hiʾˈmantῑ. PC_{pret_sim} - אדבר - ʾạˈdabbir (:ʾạdabˈbir PC_imp) SC_state- present - ענתי - ^caˈnîtῑ.	I kept my faith, even when I said, "I am greatly afflicted";	הֶ֭אֱמַנְתִּי כִּ֣י אֲדַבֵּ֑ר אֲ֝נִ֗י עָנִ֥יתִי מְאֹֽד׃
118:10	SC_state- present OR SC_past - past סבבני - sạbaˈbūnῑ סבני - sabˈbūnῑ PC_{imp_prfu}_t - future OR PC_{pret_sim} - past אמלם - ʾạmiːˈla(ː)m OR Table D	All nations `surround`/`surroundedm`e; verily, in the name `of the LORD I will surely/ have indeed cut them off.` (my translation)	כָּל־גֹּויִ֥ם סְבָב֑וּנִי בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃
118:11		They `surround`/`surrounded` me on every side; in the name of the LORD I `I will` `surely/ have` cut them off! (my translation)	סַבּ֥וּנִי גַם־סְבָב֑וּנִי בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃
118:12	SC_state- present OR SC_past - past סבני - sabˈbūnῑ דעכו - du^cˈ^cạkū PC_{imp_prfu}_t - future OR PC_{pret_sim} - past אמלם - ʾạmiːˈla(ː)m OR Table D	They surround/surrounded me like bees; they were/will be stamped out like a fire of thorns; in the name of the LORD I cut/will cut them off!	סַבּ֤וּנִי כִדְבֹורִ֗ים דֹּ֭עֲכוּ כְּאֵ֣שׁ קֹוצִ֑ים בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲמִילַֽם׃
139:5	Table E SC_past - past צרתני - ṣarˈtanῑ PC_pretWC - past - ותשת - watˈtašit (:wạtaˈšiːt PC_imp)	`You have enclosed me behind and before,` `And laid Your hand upon me.`	אָחֹ֣ור וָקֶ֣דֶם צַרְתָּ֑נִי וַתָּ֖שֶׁת עָלַ֣י כַּפֶּֽכָה׃
139:13	Table D SC_past - past קנת - qaˈnîta(ː) PC_{pret_sim} - pastתסכני - tạsukˈkinῑ. Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	For it was you who formed my inward parts; you knit me together in my mother's womb.	כִּֽי־אַ֭תָּה קָנִ֣יתָ כִלְיֹתָ֑י תְּ֝סֻכֵּ֗נִי בְּבֶ֣טֶן אִמִּֽי׃
139:16	Table D SC_past - past ראו - raˈʾū יצרו- yuˈṣarū [4] PC_{pret_sim} - past - יכתבו - yikkaˈtibū. Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp.	Your eyes beheld my unformed substance. In your book were written all the days that were formed for me, when none of them as yet existed.	גָּלְמִ֤י רָ֘א֤וּ עֵינֶ֗יךָ וְעַֽל־סִפְרְךָ֮ כֻּלָּ֪ם יִכָּ֫תֵ֥בוּ יָמִ֥ים יֻצָּ֑רוּ [וְלֹא כ] (וְלֹ֖ו ק) אֶחָ֣ד בָּהֶֽם׃
140:3	Table B	who plan evil things in their minds and stir up wars continually.	אֲשֶׁ֤ר חָשְׁב֣וּ רָעֹ֣ות בְּלֵ֑ב כָּל־יֹ֝֗ום יָג֥וּרוּ מִלְחָמֹֽות׃
143:5	Table B	I remember the days of old, I think about all your deeds, I meditate on the works of your hands.	זָ֘כַ֤רְתִּי יָמִ֨ים מִקֶּ֗דֶם הָגִ֥יתִי בְכָל־פָּעֳלֶ֑ךָ בְּֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יָדֶ֣יךָ אֲשֹׂוחֵֽחַ׃
*Sequence PC-SC*
7:13	Table E PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - ישב - yaˈšuːb (:ˈyašub PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) ילטש - yilˈṭuš (:ˈyilṭuš PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) SC_past - past דרכ - daˈrak PC_pretWC - past - ויכננה - wayyạkōnịˈniha(ː) (:wạyạkōnịˈniha(ː) PC_imp/PC_jus)	If one does not repent, God whets/will whet his sword; he has bent and strung his bow;	אִם־לֹ֣א יָ֭שׁוּב חַרְבֹּ֣ו יִלְטֹ֑ושׁ קַשְׁתֹּ֥ו דָ֝רַ֗ךְ וַֽיְכֹונְנֶֽהָ׃
8:7	Table D PC_{pret_sim} - past -תמשלהו - tamšiːˈlihu(ː). Identical form in PC_jus and PC_imp. SC_past - past שתה - ˈšatta(ː).	You have given them dominion over the works of your hands; you have put all things under their feet,	תַּ֭מְשִׁילֵהוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֣י יָדֶ֑יךָ כֹּ֝ל שַׁ֣תָּה תַֽחַת־רַגְלָֽיו׃
9:8	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - ישב - yiˈšib (:ˈyišib PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) SC_past - past - כננ - kōˈnin	But the LORD sits/will set enthroned forever, he has established his throne for judgment.	וַֽ֭יהוָה לְעֹולָ֣ם יֵשֵׁ֑ב כֹּונֵ֖ן לַמִּשְׁפָּ֣ט כִּסְאֹֽו׃
38:12	Table B	My friends and companions stand aloof from my affliction, and my neighbors stand far off.	אֹֽהֲבַ֨י וְרֵעַ֗י מִנֶּ֣גֶד נִגְעִ֣י יַעֲמֹ֑דוּ וּ֝קְרֹובַ֗י מֵרָחֹ֥ק עָמָֽדוּ
46:10	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - ישבר - yạšabˈbir (:yạˈšabbir PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) ישרפ - yisˈrup (:ˈyisrup PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) SC_wc - past - וקצצ - wạqiˈṣiṣ	He make/will makes wars cease to the end of the earth; he breaks/will break the bow, and shatters/will shatter the spear; he burns/will burn the shields with fire.	מַשְׁבִּ֥ית מִלְחָמֹות֮ עַד־קְצֵ֪ה הָ֫אָ֥רֶץ קֶ֣שֶׁת יְ֭שַׁבֵּר וְקִצֵּ֣ץ חֲנִ֑ית עֲ֝גָלֹ֗ות יִשְׂרֹ֥ף בָּאֵֽשׁ
54:7	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - ישב - yaˈšiːb (:ˈyašib PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim})	He repays/will repay my enemies for their evil. In your faithfulness, put an end to them.	יָשִׁ֣יב הָ֭רַע לְשֹׁרְרָ֑י בַּ֝אֲמִתְּךָ֗ הַצְמִיתֵֽם׃
55:5	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present - יחל - yaˈḫiːl (:ˈyaḫil PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) SC_past - past OR SC_state - present - נפלו - naˈpạlū	My heart is in anguish within me, the terrors of death have fallen/fall upon me.	לִ֭בִּי יָחִ֣יל בְּקִרְבִּ֑י וְאֵימֹ֥ות מָ֝֗וֶת נָפְל֥וּ עָלָֽי׃
68:10	Table D PC_{pret_sim} - past -תנפ - ˈtanip (:taˈniːp PC_imp) SC_past - past ונלאה - wạnilˈʾâ כננתה - kōnanˈtâ	Rain in abundance, O God, you showered abroad; you restored your heritage when it languished;	גֶּ֣שֶׁם נְ֭דָבֹות תָּנִ֣יף אֱלֹהִ֑ים נַחֲלָתְךָ֥ וְ֝נִלְאָ֗ה אַתָּ֥ה כֹֽונַנְתָּֽהּ׃
73:18	Table D PC_{pret_sim} - past - תשית - ˈtašit (:taˈšiːt PC_imp) SC_past - past הפלתם - hippalˈtam.	`Surely You set them in slippery places;` `You cast them down to destruction.`	אַ֣ךְ בַּ֭חֲלָקֹות תָּשִׁ֣ית לָ֑מֹו הִ֝פַּלְתָּ֗ם לְמַשּׁוּאֹֽות׃
83:3	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present - יהמינ - yihmaˈyūn SC_past - past - נשאו - naˈśạʾū	Even now your enemies are in tumult; those who hate you have raised their heads.	כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֣ה אֹ֭ויְבֶיךָ יֶהֱמָי֑וּן וּ֝מְשַׂנְאֶ֗יךָ נָ֣שְׂאוּ רֹֽאשׁ׃
89:44	Table D PC_{pret_sim} - past - תשב - ˈtašib (:taˈšiːb PC_imp) SC_past - past - הקמתה - hiqimoːˈtô.	Moreover, you have turned back the edge of his sword, and you have not supported him in battle.	אַף־תָּ֭שִׁיב צ֣וּר חַרְבֹּ֑ו וְלֹ֥א הֲ֝קֵימֹתֹ֗ו בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃
99:7	Table D PC_{pret_sim} - past - ידבר- yạˈdabbir (:yạdabˈbir PC_imp) SC_past - past - שמרו - šaˈmạrū נתנ - naˈtan	He spoke to them in the pillar of cloud; they kept his decrees, and the statutes that he gave them.	בְּעַמּ֣וּד עָ֭נָן יְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם שָׁמְר֥וּ עֵ֝דֹתָ֗יו וְחֹ֣ק נָֽתַן־לָֽמֹו׃
102:5-6	Table E SC_past - past - הכה - hukˈkâ שכחתי - šaˈkaḥtῑ PC_pretWC - past - ויבש - wayˈyîbaš (:wạyîˈbaš PC_imp) SC_state- present - דבקה - daˈbạqâ.	`My heart has been smitten like grass and has withered away,` `Indeed, I forget to eat my bread.` `Because of the loudness of my groaning` `My bones cling to my flesh.`	הוּכָּֽה־כָ֭עֵשֶׂב וַיִּבַ֣שׁ לִבִּ֑י כִּֽי שָׁ֝כַ֗חְתִּי מֵאֲכֹ֥ל לַחְמִֽי׃ מִקֹּ֥ול אַנְחָתִ֑י דָּבְקָ֥ה עַ֝צְמִ֗י לִבְשָׂרִֽי׃
110:6	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - ידנ - yaˈdiːn (:ˈyadin PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) SC_prof - present/future - מחצ - maˈḫaṣ	`He judges/will judge among the nations,` `He fills/will fill them with corpses,` `He shatters/will shatter the chief men over a broad country.`	יָדִ֣ין בַּ֭גֹּויִם מָלֵ֣א גְוִיֹּ֑ות מָ֥חַץ רֹ֝֗אשׁ עַל־אֶ֥רֶץ רַבָּֽה׃
132:17	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - future -אצמח - ʾaṣˈmiːḫ (:ˈʾaṣmiḫ PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) SC_past – past - עָרַ֥כְתִּי - ^caˈraktῑ.	There I will cause a horn to sprout up for David; I have prepared a lamp for my anointed one.	שָׁ֤ם אַצְמִ֣יחַ קֶ֣רֶן לְדָוִ֑ד עָרַ֥כְתִּי נֵ֝֗ר לִמְשִׁיחִֽי׃
138:4	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - future - יודכ - yawˈdūka(ː) SC_past - past - שמעו - šaˈmị^cū	All the kings of the earth shall praise you, O LORD, for they have heard the words of your mouth.	יֹוד֣וּךָ יְ֭הוָה כָּל־מַלְכֵי־אָ֑רֶץ כִּ֥י שָׁמְע֗וּ אִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ׃
146:4	PC_{imp_prfu}_t - present/future - תצא- tiˈṣiʾ (:ˈtiṣiʾ PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) ישב - yaˈšuːb (:ˈyašub PC_jus/ PC_{pret_sim}) SC_prof - present/future - אבדו - ʾaˈbạdū	When their breath departs, they return to the earth; on that very day their plans perish.	תֵּצֵ֣א ר֭וּחֹו יָשֻׁ֣ב לְאַדְמָתֹ֑ו בַּיֹּ֥ום הַ֝ה֗וּא אָבְד֥וּ עֶשְׁתֹּנֹתָֽיו׃